Hamstring Stretches
By Chloe Wilson, BSc(Hons) Physiotherapy
Hamstring stretches are an important part of any workout or rehab programme. Hamstring stretching exercises can help to reduce pain, increase flexibility and improve function.
The reason for this is because having tight hamstrings puts you at risk of knee pain and injury, so having good flexibility is important.
Most people have some tightness in their hamstrings, especially people who spend a lot of their day sitting.
I'm sure if you asked them to, most people would have a go at doing hamstrings stretches, but lots of them wouldn't do them correctly. They might start in the wrong position making it ineffective or stretch in a way that puts lots of tension on the sciatic nerve which runs down the back of the leg, rather than stretching their hamstrings.
Here we will look at how to tell if you hamstrings are tight, and then look at three great stretches which can help relieve knee pain and prevent injuries.
Each is done in a different position so you can choose the one that best
suits you. There are other ways to do hamstring stretching exercises, but these are the ones I find people get most benefit from and are simplest to perform accurately.
Are My Hamstrings Tight?
The hamstrings are a group of three muscles that run down the back of the thigh from the pelvis to the knee. Here are a couple of simple tests you can try at home to see if you have tight hamstrings:
1) Simple: Can you touch your toes whilst keeping your knees straight? If you can't, you probably have tight hamstrings
2) Pro's Test: Lie on your back and lift
your leg up so your hip and knee are bent to 90°. Then try and straighten your knee without moving your hip. The angle at your knee will tell you if you have tight hamstrings - women
should be able to get their knee within 20° of fully straight, and men
within 30°. If you can’t, it's time to stretch.
How Do I Do Hamstring Stretches?
If you do have tight hamstrings, have a go at these simple stretches. You only need to do one of these hamstring stretches for knee pain - pick whichever you prefer. To get the maximum benefit for the least effort, hold each stretch for 30 seconds and repeat 3 times - you can find out more in the knee stretches section.
TOP TIP: With each of these stretches, you should feel the stretch in
the middle of the back of your thigh, rather than at the knee. To
ensure this, you want to have your leg slightly bent. That takes the
tension off the sciatic nerve and directs it towards the hamstring
muscles.
1) Lying Hamstring Stretch
Starting position: Lie flat on your back. Bend the knee on the leg to be stretched and hold the back of your thigh with one hand and the back of your calf with the other
Action: Use your hands to pull the leg towards you keeping the knee bent about 20° until you feel a strong stretch in the middle of your thigh (at the back). Hold for 30 secs
Repetition: Repeat 3 times, 2x daily, or before and after exercise
Tips: If you can’t reach your leg to pull it, hook a towel around your foot and pull that instead to achieve a good hamstring stretch - as shown in the picture
2) Seated Hamstring Stretch
Starting position: Sit on the edge of a chair with your good leg bent. Put the leg to be stretched out in front of you with the knee very slightly bent
Action: Lean forwards (keeping your back straight and your head up) until you feel a stretch in the back of your thigh. Hold for 30 secs
Repetition: Repeat 3 times, 2x daily, or before and after exercise
Note: Remember, when you do hamstring stretches for knee pain, you should feel it in the middle of the thigh rather than behind the knee – bending the leg slightly helps to achieve this
3) Standing Hamstrings Stretch
Starting position: Find a stool or object that is about 50cms / 1½ foot high. Leave one foot on the floor and rest the other foot on the stool with the knee slightly bent (about 15°)
Action: Lean forwards and down, keeping your back straight, until you feel a stretch in the middle of the hamstrings. Hold for 30 secs
Repetition: Repeat 3 times, 2x daily, or before and after exercise
Tips: If
you do not feel much of a stretch in your hamstrings, lean slightly to the side of the leg
being stretched as well as forwards and you should feel more of a stretch. You can also try pushing your bottom backwards to increase the stretch
What Else Can Help?
To get the best results from these hamstring stretches, see the stretches guide for top tips on getting the maximum benefit from the minimum effort.
If you want to find out how to stretch your other leg muscles check out the quads, glutes, calves and ITB stretches pages. Remember, the best way to tell if your muscles are tight is to see a physical therapist who can fully assess you.
Having good flexibility is just one part of keeping our knees healthy. We also need good strength in the muscles - have a look at the knee strengthening exercises section to find out more.
SAFETY ADVICE: If you have suffered an injury such as a hamstring tear, you should not start doing hamstring stretching exercises too early or you may cause further damage. Always consult your doctor first.
Page Last Updated: 26/9/18
Next Review Due: 26/9/20
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